PJM Grid Survived July 4 but AI Data Centers Are Breaking Its Economics
A historic heat dome pushed America's largest power grid to within 3,000 MW of its all-time record, forcing federal emergency orders that let regulators compel data centers onto backup generators and waive air-emission limits at peaking plants to prevent blackouts. The crisis exposed a structural fault: Goldman Sachs projects U.S. data-center electricity demand will more than double to 66 GW by 2027, and PJM's capacity-market costs have already risen $23 billion since 2025 from AI load growth alone—costs passed directly to residential ratepayers now paying 39% more for summer cooling than in 2020. Critically, NERC's May 2026 reliability assessment never flagged PJM as elevated risk, raising serious questions about whether planning tools can keep pace with AI-driven load growth before the next heat wave arrives.